Gastrointestinal (GI) and liver cancers represent a group of serious conditions that affect the digestive system. These cancers can develop in different parts of the digestive tract and liver, each with distinct characteristics and treatment approaches. These cancers affect the digestive system and can present with various symptoms including abdominal pain, weight loss, and changes in bowel habits.
Stomach Cancer
- Develops in the inner lining of the stomach
- Early symptoms may include:
- Persistent indigestion
- Loss of appetite
- Unexplained weight loss
- Upper abdominal pain
Intestinal Cancer
- Can occur in either the small or large intestine
- Common types include:
- Colorectal cancer
- Small intestine adenocarcinoma
- Gastrointestinal stromal tumors
Liver Cancer
- May start in the liver (primary) or spread from other organs (secondary)
- Risk factors include:
- Chronic viral hepatitis
- Cirrhosis
- Excessive alcohol consumption
- Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease
Diagnostic Procedures
Gastroenterologists use various methods to diagnose these cancers:
- Endoscopic examinations
- Imaging studies (CT, MRI, PET scans)
- Blood tests for tumor markers
- Tissue biopsies
Treatment Approaches
Treatment typically involves a multi-disciplinary approach:
- Surgery to remove tumors
- Chemotherapy
- Radiation therapy
- Targeted biological therapies
- Immunotherapy in specific cases
Follow-up Care
Regular monitoring and follow-up care are essential components of cancer treatment and may include:
- Scheduled imaging and blood tests
- Nutritional support and dietary management
- Regular check-ups with the gastroenterology team
- Monitoring for potential cancer recurrence
- Management of treatment-related side effects